Zida Zam'manja za Dongguan monga akatswiri opanga zida zamakina patsamba, timapanga zida zamakina patsamba, kuphatikiza makina otopetsa, makina onyamulira a flange, makina onyamula mphero ndi zida zina patsamba malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna. ODM/OEM imalandiridwa ngati pakufunika.
Pamalo otopetsa barmonga gawo la kunyamula mzere wotopetsa makina, tikhoza kupanga wotopetsa bala kutalika mpaka 2000-12000 mamita malinga ndi kukula kosiyana. Ndipo m'mimba mwake wotopetsa akhoza makonda kuchokera 30mm-250mm malinga ndi malo utumiki.
Njira yopangira ma bar otopetsa imakhala ndi izi:
Kupanga zida: Choyamba, molingana ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe a bar yotopetsa yomwe iyenera kukonzedwa, sankhani zida zoyenera zodulira.
Hammering: nyundo zida zodulidwa kuti zithandizire kupanga komanso magwiridwe antchito a zida.
Annealing: Kupyolera mu chithandizo cha annealing, kupsinjika ndi zolakwika zomwe zili mkati mwazinthu zimachotsedwa, ndipo pulasitiki ndi kulimba kwa zinthuzo kumapita patsogolo.
Kupanga movutikira: Pangani makina oyambira, kuphatikiza kutembenuza, mphero ndi njira zina, kuti mupange mawonekedwe oyambira a bar yotopetsa.
Kuzimitsa ndi kutentha: Kupyolera mu chithandizo chozimitsa ndi kutentha, zinthuzo zimapeza zinthu zabwino zamakina, kuphatikizapo mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba kwambiri.
Kumaliza: Kupyolera mukupera ndi njira zina, bala yotopetsa imakonzedwa bwino kuti ikwaniritse kukula kofunikira komanso mawonekedwe ake.
Kutentha kwakukulu: Kupititsa patsogolo makina azinthu ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwamkati.
Kugaya: Yesetsani kupera komaliza kwa bala yotopetsa kuti muwonetsetse kuti pamwamba pake ndi yolondola komanso yolondola.
Kutentha: Kutentha kumachitidwanso kuti akhazikitse kapangidwe kake ndi kuchepetsa mapindikidwe.
Nitriding: Pamwamba pa bala wotopetsa ndi nitrided kuti apititse patsogolo kuuma kwake komanso kukana kuvala.
Kusungirako (kukhazikitsa): Kukonzekera konse kukamalizidwa, bar yotopetsa imasungidwa kapena kuyikidwa mwachindunji kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kusankha zinthu ndi kukonza kutentha kwa mipiringidzo yotopetsa
Mipiringidzo yotopetsa nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi zinthu zokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, kukana kuvala kwambiri komanso kukana kwambiri, monga chitsulo chopangidwa ndi 40CrMo alloy. Njira yochizira kutentha imaphatikizapo normalizing, tempering ndi nitriding. Normalizing akhoza kukonzanso dongosolo, kuwonjezera mphamvu ndi kulimba; kutentha kumatha kuthetsa kupsinjika kwa processing ndi kuchepetsa mapindikidwe; nitriding imawonjezera kuuma kwapamwamba komanso kukana kuvala.
Mavuto wamba ndi njira zothetsera mipiringidzo yotopetsa
Mavuto omwe amapezeka mumayendedwe otopetsa a bar amaphatikiza kugwedezeka ndi kusinthika. Pofuna kuchepetsa kugwedezeka, njira zodulira m'mbali zambiri zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, monga kugwiritsa ntchito chodulira chodulira chotopetsa, chomwe chingapangitse bwino kukonza bwino komanso kukhazikika.
Pofuna kulamulira mapindikidwe, chithandizo choyenera cha kutentha ndi kusintha kwa magawo a ndondomeko kumafunika panthawi yokonza. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwongolera ma deformation pa hard nitriding ndikofunikiranso, ndipo mtundu uyenera kutsimikiziridwa kudzera pakuyesa ndikusintha ndondomeko.
Malo otopetsandi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu pachimake chida makina. Zimadalira makiyi awiri otsogolera kuti atsogolere ndikupita patsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa axial kuti akwaniritse chakudya cha axial. Nthawi yomweyo, spindle yozungulira imayenda mozungulira kudzera pa torque yotumizira makiyi kuti ikwaniritse kuzungulira kozungulira. Bar yotopetsa ndiye pachimake pakuyenda kwakukulu kwa chida cha makina, ndipo mawonekedwe ake opanga amakhala ndi chikoka chofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa chida cha makina. Choncho, kusanthula ndi kuphunzira ndondomeko yokonza bala yotopetsa ndiyofunika kwambiri pa kudalirika, kukhazikika ndi khalidwe la chida cha makina.
Kusankhidwa kwa zida zosasangalatsa za bar
Bar yotopetsa ndiye chigawo chachikulu pakupatsirana kwakukulu ndipo imayenera kukhala ndi zida zapamwamba zamakina monga kukana kupindika, kukana kuvala komanso kulimba kwamphamvu. Izi zimafuna kuti bala yotopetsa ikhale ndi kulimba kokwanira pachimake komanso kulimba kokwanira pamtunda. Mpweya wa 38CrMoAlA, chitsulo chopangidwa ndi alloy apamwamba kwambiri, chimapangitsa chitsulo kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira, ndipo zinthu za alloy monga Cr, Mo, ndi Al zimatha kupanga gawo lomwazika kwambiri ndi kaboni ndikugawidwa mofanana mu matrix. Mukakumana ndi zovuta zakunja, zimasewera chotchinga chamakina ndikulimbitsa. Pakati pawo, kuwonjezera kwa Cr kumatha kukulitsa kuuma kwa wosanjikiza wa nitriding, kuwongolera kuuma kwachitsulo ndi mphamvu yayikulu; kuwonjezera kwa Al kumatha kukulitsa kuuma kwa nitriding wosanjikiza ndikuyeretsa mbewu; Mo makamaka amathetsa mkwiyo brittleness zitsulo. Pambuyo pazaka zambiri zoyesa ndikufufuza, 38CrMoAlA imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pamipiringidzo yotopetsa ndipo pakadali pano ndiye chisankho choyamba pazida zotopetsa.
Kukonzekera kwa kutentha kwa bar yoboola ndi ntchito
Makonzedwe a chithandizo cha kutentha: normalizing + tempering + nitriding. Boring bar nitriding ndiye sitepe yomaliza munjira yochizira kutentha. Kuti pakhale wotopetsa bala pachimake ndi zofunika makina katundu, kuthetsa kupsyinjika processing, kuchepetsa mapindikidwe pa ndondomeko nitriding, ndi kukonzekera dongosolo bwino nitriding wosanjikiza, kapamwamba wotopetsa ayenera bwino chisanadze kutentha ankachitira pamaso nitriding, ndicho normalizing ndi tempering.
(1) Kuchita mwachizolowezi. Normalizing ndi kutentha chitsulo pamwamba pa kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwa kanthawi, ndiyeno kuziziziritsa ndi mpweya. Liwiro loziziritsa ndi lofulumira. Pambuyo pokhazikika, mawonekedwe a normalizing ndi "ferrite + pearlite" yotsekeka, gawolo limayeretsedwa, mphamvu ndi kulimba kumawonjezeka, kupsinjika kwamkati kumachepetsedwa, ndipo ntchito yodula imakula bwino. Kugwira ntchito kozizira sikofunikira musanayambe kukhazikika, koma kusanjikiza kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi decarburization opangidwa ndi normalizing kumabweretsa zovuta monga kuchuluka kwa brittleness ndi kuuma kosakwanira pambuyo pa nitriding, kotero ndalama zokwanira zopangira ziyenera kusiyidwa munjira yokhazikika.
(2) Kupsa mtima. Kuchuluka kwa processing pambuyo normalizing ndi lalikulu, ndi kuchuluka kwa makina processing nkhawa adzakhala kwaiye pambuyo kudula. Pofuna kuthetsa mawotchi processing nkhawa pambuyo processing akhakula ndi kuchepetsa mapindikidwe pa nitriding, m`pofunika kuwonjezera tempering mankhwala pambuyo akhakula processing. Kutentha kumakhala kotentha kwambiri pambuyo pozimitsa, ndipo mawonekedwe omwe adapeza ndi abwino troostite. Ziwalo pambuyo pa kutentha zimakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso mphamvu. Zigawo zambiri zofunika zimafunikira kutenthedwa.
(3) Kusiyana pakati pa kapangidwe ka matrix okhazikika ndi "normalizing + tempering" matrix. Kapangidwe ka masanjidwewo pambuyo pokhazikika ndi blocky ferrite ndi pearlite, pomwe mawonekedwe a matrix pambuyo pa "normalizing + tempering" ndi mawonekedwe abwino a troostite.
(4) Kuthamanga. Nitriding ndi njira yochizira kutentha yomwe imapangitsa kuti gawolo likhale lolimba kwambiri komanso kukana kuvala, pomwe pachimake chimakhala ndi mphamvu zoyambira komanso zolimba. Chitsulo chokhala ndi chromium, molybdenum kapena aluminiyamu chidzakwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino pambuyo pa nitriding. Ubwino wa chogwirira ntchito pambuyo pa nitriding: ① Pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito ndi silver-gray ndi matte. ② Kulimba kwa pamwamba kwa workpiece ndi ≥1 000HV, ndipo kuuma kwa pamwamba pambuyo pogaya ndi ≥900HV. ③ Kuya kwa nitriding wosanjikiza ndi ≥0.56mm, ndipo kuya pambuyo pogaya ndi> 0.5mm. ④ Kusintha kwa nitriding kumafuna kuthamanga ≤0.08mm. ⑤ Brittleness level 1 mpaka 2 ndi yoyenerera, yomwe ingapezeke pakupanga kwenikweni, ndipo ndi bwino pambuyo popera.
(5) Kusiyana kwamapangidwe pakati pa "normalizing + nitriding" ndi "normalizing + tempering + nitriding". Mphamvu ya nitriding ya "normalizing + quenching and tempering + nitriding" ndiyabwino kwambiri kuposa ya "normalizing + nitriding". Mu mawonekedwe a nitriding a "normalizing + nitriding", pali ma nitrides owoneka ngati singano owoneka ngati singano, omwe angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati chiwongolero chowunikira zochitika za nitriding wosanjikiza kukhetsa kwa mipiringidzo yotopetsa.
Njira yomaliza ya boring bar:
Njira: kutseka kanthu → kukhazikika → kubowola ndi kupotokola dzenje lapakati → kutembenuza movutikira → kuzimitsa ndi kutentha → kutembenuza pang'onopang'ono → kupukuta movutikira kwa bwalo lakunja → kupukuta movutikira → kukanda → mphero ya polowera → mphero → makiyi kuti muzindikire zolakwika kupukuta pang'ono kwa bwalo lakunja → kupukuta pang'ono kwa dzenje lamkati → nitriding → kupukuta pang'ono pobowo (kusunga gawo logaya bwino) → kupera pang'ono kwa bwalo lakunja (kusunga gawo logaya) → kugaya kwa njira yoyambira → kugaya bwino → kugaya bwino bwalo lakunja → kupukuta → kupukuta.
Kumaliza njira yotopetsa mipiringidzo. Popeza bala lotopetsa liyenera kukhala ndi nitrided, njira ziwiri zomaliza zomaliza zakunja zimakonzedwa mwapadera. Kupera komaliza komaliza kumakonzedwa musanayambe nitriding, cholinga chake ndikuyala maziko abwino a chithandizo cha nitriding. Ndi makamaka kulamulira chilolezo ndi kulondola kwa geometric wa bala wotopetsa pamaso akupera kuonetsetsa kuti kuuma kwa nitriding wosanjikiza pambuyo nitriding pamwamba 900HV. Ngakhale mapindikidwe opindika ndi ang'onoang'ono panthawi ya nitriding, mapindidwe asanakwane nitriding sayenera kuwongoleredwa, apo ayi akhoza kukhala wamkulu kuposa mapindikidwe apachiyambi. Njira yathu ya fakitale imatsimikizira kuti gawo lakunja loperekera pomaliza kumaliza ndi 0.07 ~ 0.1mm, ndipo njira yachiwiri yomaliza yomaliza imakonzedwa pambuyo popera bwino kwa dzenje lopangidwa ndi tapered. Njirayi imayika maziko opera mu dzenje la tapered, ndipo mbali ziwirizo zimakankhira mmwamba. Mapeto amodzi amakankhira pakati pa dzenje laling'ono lakumapeto kwa kapamwamba koboola, ndipo mbali inayo imakankhira pakati pa dzenje lopera. Ndiye bwalo lakunja ndi pansi ndi chimango chokhazikika chapakati, ndipo pogaya pachimake sichimachotsedwa. Chopukusira cha spline chimatembenuzidwa kuti akupera njira. Kumaliza kwachiwiri komaliza kwa bwalo lakunja ndikupangitsa kuti kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumapangidwa panthawi yakupera bwino kwa bwalo lakunja kuwonetsere koyamba, kuti kulondola kwa kugaya bwino kwa njirayo kukhale kokhazikika komanso kokhazikika. Chifukwa pali maziko omaliza theka la bwalo lakunja, chikoka pa njira yachinsinsi pakupera bwino bwalo lakunja ndi laling'ono kwambiri.
Njirayi imakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chopukusira cha spline, mbali imodzi ikuyang'ana pakati pa dzenje laling'ono la kansalu kotopetsa ndipo mbali inayo ikuyang'ana pakati pa dzenje lapakati. Mwanjira imeneyi, pogaya, fungulo likuyang'ana m'mwamba, ndipo kupindika kopindika kwa bwalo lakunja ndi kuwongoka kwa kalozera wa zida zamakina kumangokhudza pansi pa poyambira, ndipo kumakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pa mbali ziwiri za poyambira. Ngati chopukusira njanji chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza, kupindika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwongoka kwa njira yolumikizira zida zamakina komanso kufa kwa bar yotopetsa kumakhudza kuwongoka kwa njirayo. Nthawi zambiri, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chopukusira cha spline kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuwongoka ndi kufanana kwa njira yayikulu.
Akunja bwalo akupera zabwino kapamwamba wotopetsa bala ikuchitika pa chopukusira chilengedwe, ndipo njira ntchito ndi longitudinal chida pakati akupera njira.
Kuthamanga kwa dzenje la tapered ndikulondola kwakukulu kwazinthu zamakina otopetsa. Zofunikira zomaliza pakukonza dzenje lopindika ndi izi: ① Kuthamanga kwa dzenje lopindika mpaka m'mimba mwake kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kukhala 0.005mm kumapeto kwa chopotera ndi 0.01mm pa 300mm kuchokera kumapeto. ② Malo olumikizirana ndi dzenje lopindika ndi 70%. ③ Kukhwimira kwapamwamba kwa dzenje lopindika ndi Ra=0.4μm. Njira yotsirizira ya dzenje la tapered: imodzi ndiyo kusiya malipiro, ndiyeno kukhudzana kwa dzenje la tapered kumafika kulondola kwa mankhwala podzipukuta pamisonkhano; china ndi kukwaniritsa mwachindunji zofunika luso pa processing. Fakitale yathu tsopano ikutenga njira yachiwiri, yomwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kapu kuti itseke kumapeto kwa bar yotopetsa M76X2-5g, gwiritsani ntchito chimango chapakati kuti muyike bwalo lakunja φ 110h8MF kutsogolo, gwiritsani ntchito micrometer kuti mugwirizane ndi bwalo lakunja φ 80js6, ndikupera dzenje.
Kupera ndi kupukuta ndi njira yomaliza yomaliza ya bar yotopetsa. Kupera kumatha kupeza kulondola kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kutsika kwamphamvu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popera ndizofewa kuposa zida zogwirira ntchito ndipo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi chida chopangira chitsulo (onani Chithunzi 10), chomwe chili choyenera kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito ndi kupukuta bwino, zimatha kuonetsetsa kuti kugaya bwino komanso zokolola zambiri, ndipo chida chopera ndi chosavuta kupanga ndipo chimakhala ndi mtengo wotsika. Pogaya, madzi akupera samangokhala ndi gawo lophatikizira ma abrasives ndi mafuta ndi kuziziritsa, komanso amatenga nawo gawo lamankhwala kuti apititse patsogolo kugaya. Iwo amamatira pamwamba pa workpiece, kuchititsa wosanjikiza filimu okusayidi kupanga pamwamba pa workpiece mwamsanga, ndi mbali kusalaza nsonga pamwamba pa workpiece ndi kuteteza zigwa pamwamba pa workpiece. The abrasive ntchito yotopetsa bar akupera ndi chisakanizo cha white corundum ufa wa white aluminium okusayidi ndi palafini.
Ngakhale bala yotopetsayo yakhala yolondola kwambiri komanso yocheperako pambuyo popera, pamwamba pake imakutidwa ndi mchenga ndipo ndi yakuda. Pambuyo posonkhanitsidwa ndi nsonga yotchinga, madzi akuda amatuluka. Pofuna kuthetsa mchenga wopera womwe umayikidwa pamwamba pa bar yotopetsa, fakitale yathu imagwiritsa ntchito chida chodzipangira chokha kuti chipukuta pamwamba pa bar yotopetsa ndi green chromium oxide. Zotsatira zake ndi zabwino kwambiri. Pamwamba pa bala yotopetsa ndi yowala, yokongola komanso yosachita dzimbiri.
Kuwunika kwa bar wotopetsa
(1) Onani kuwongoka. Ikani zitsulo zooneka ngati V za msinkhu wofanana pa nsanja ya 0. Ikani chitsulo chobowola pazitsulo zooneka ngati V, ndipo malo a chitsulo chofanana ndi V ali pa 2/9L ya φ 110h8MF (onani Chithunzi 11). Kulekerera kwa kuwongoka kwa kutalika konse kwa bala yotopetsa ndi 0.01mm.
Choyamba, gwiritsani ntchito micrometer kuti muwone isometry ya mfundo A ndi B pa 2/9L. Kuwerenga kwa mfundo A ndi B ndi 0. Ndiye, popanda kusuntha bar yotopetsa, yesani kutalika kwapakati ndi mapeto awiri a, b, ndi c, ndi kulemba zikhalidwe; sungani bar yotopetsa axially stationary, tembenuzirani bar 90 ° pamanja, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito micrometer kuyeza kutalika kwa mfundo a, b, ndi c, ndikulemba zikhalidwe; kenako tembenuzirani mipiringidzo yotopetsa 90 °, yesani kutalika kwa mfundo a, b, ndi c, ndipo lembani mfundozo. Ngati palibe chomwe chapezeka chomwe chikupitilira 0.01mm, zikutanthauza kuti ndichoyenerera, komanso mosemphanitsa.
(2) Onani kukula, kuzungulira, ndi cylindricity. Mbali yakunja ya bar yotopetsa imafufuzidwa ndi micrometer yakunja. Gawani utali wonse wa pamwamba wopukutidwa wa bala wotopetsa φ 110h8MF mu magawo 17 ofanana, ndi ntchito m'mimba mwake micrometer kuyeza m'mimba mwake mwa dongosolo la radial a, b, c, ndi d, ndipo lembani deta kuyeza mu wotopetsa fufuzani rekodi tebulo tebulo.
Vuto la cylindricity limatanthawuza kusiyana kwa mainchesi mbali imodzi. Malinga ndi milingo yopingasa patebulo, cholakwika cha cylindriality munjira ndi 0, cholakwika cha b ndi 2μm, cholakwika cha c ndi 2μm, ndipo cholakwika cha d ndi 2μm. Poganizira mbali zinayi za a, b, c, ndi d, kusiyana pakati pa zikhalidwe zazikulu ndi zocheperako ndiye cholakwika chenicheni cha 2μm.
Cholakwika chozungulira chikufaniziridwa ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zili m'mizere yowongoka ya tebulo, ndipo mtengo wapamwamba wa kusiyana pakati pazikhalidwe umatengedwa. Ngati kuyang'ana kwa bar wotopetsa kukulephera kapena chimodzi mwazinthuzo chikupitilira kulolerana, ndikofunikira kupitiliza kugaya ndi kupukuta mpaka zitadutsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, pakuwunika, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pakukhudzidwa kwa kutentha kwa chipinda ndi kutentha kwa thupi la munthu (atagwira micrometer) pazotsatira zoyezera, ndipo chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pakuchotsa zolakwika zosasamala, kuchepetsa kutengera zolakwika za muyeso, ndikupanga miyeso yolondola momwe mungathere.
Ngati mukufunapa malo otopetsa barcustomzied, kulandiridwa kuti mutiuze kuti mudziwe zambiri.
